It turns out that we should *not* invert all not-present mappings,
because the all zeroes case is obviously special.

clear_page() does not undergo the XOR logic to invert the address bits,
i.e. PTE, PMD and PUD entries that have not been individually written
will have val=0 and so will trigger __pte_needs_invert(). As a result,
{pte,pmd,pud}_pfn() will return the wrong PFN value, i.e. all ones
(adjusted by the max PFN mask) instead of zero. A zeroed entry is ok
because the page at physical address 0 is reserved early in boot
specifically to mitigate L1TF, so explicitly exempt them from the
inversion when reading the PFN.

Manifested as an unexpected mprotect(..., PROT_NONE) failure when called
on a VMA that has VM_PFNMAP and was mmap'd to as something other than
PROT_NONE but never used. mprotect() sends the PROT_NONE request down
prot_none_walk(), which walks the PTEs to check the PFNs.
prot_none_pte_entry() gets the bogus PFN from pte_pfn() and returns
-EACCES because it thinks mprotect() is trying to adjust a high MMIO
address.

[ This is a very modified version of Sean's original patch, but all
  credit goes to Sean for doing this and also pointing out that
  sometimes the __pte_needs_invert() function only gets the protection
  bits, not the full eventual pte.  But zero remains special even in
  just protection bits, so that's ok.   - Linus ]

Fixes: f22cc87f

 ("x86/speculation/l1tf: Invert all not present mappings")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>